Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) is the early, prolonged, and continuous skin-to-skin contact between the mother (or another caregiver) and her baby, both in hospital and after early discharge with support for positioning, breastfeeding, prevention and management of infections and breathing difficulties, and proper follow-up. This brief provides an overview of results from an evaluation of KMC implemention in four countries: Malawi, Mali, Rwanda and Uganda.